What is LYNAS – perspective of an average dumbass.

A few hours ago, we were in a pub. G suddenly asked me if I knew what this “lynas” thing that was being mentioned so often on our Facebook and Twitter timelines. I said, “No. Can’t be bothered. Everyone’s protesting against something these days”.

So he went on Google and then told me, “Oh, it’s about rare earth”.

Huh? What?

“Rare earth. You don’t know what’s rare earth?”

No?

“Dumbass”. And we continued drinking.

Later, we got home, watched a few episodes of Homeland (truly awesome series, btw) and now G has collapsed in bed.

For some reason, I’m still not ready to sleep. Probably has something to do with the couple of candy bars and a packet of pork scratchings I inhaled while watching TV. So I ended up googling “Lynas”.

The sites I found were https://savemalaysia-stoplynas.blogspot.com/ and https://stoplynas.org/.

The more I read what I read, the sicker I felt in my guts.

Why?

1. Lynas is basically an Australian company that’s building a $230 million rare earth processing plant in a location called Gebeng that’s about 30km from the town of Kuantan, Pahang. The project has been approved by our government.

2. So what is “rare earth”? From the little that I’ve read….oh, nothing much. Just a beautiful, politically correct name for natural occurring minerals that are RADIOACTIVE.

3. In a nutshell, what this Kuantan-based Lynas plant will do is remove radioactive elements from the rare earth minerals so that what’s left can be used in various industries, namely electronics.

4. When a part of something is removed, there will be waste. In the case of Lynas, radioactive elements will be removed from rare earth minerals resulting in a humongous amount of RADIOACTIVE waste; in the form of gas, liquid and solids.

5. Lynas is not sending the radioactive waste back to Australia, because the government of Australia forbids it. So yeap, it will be disposed in Malaysia.

6. Errrr…how will it be disposed?

7. Some said the radioactive waste will be dumped into the South China Sea. Some said it will be dumped on open ground just like what happened in Bukit Merah. Yeah, I know right, I also didn’t know that we actually had experienced radioactive disaster in our very own Malaysia too!

8. Then I immediately googled “How far does radiation spread?”. Basically, 50km radius is YOU ARE SCREWED ZONE.

9. And crap, it doesn’t stop spreading. The radioactive levels just get lesser as it gets further but THEY DON’T STOP.

10. Which means, although we are 260kms away from Lynas in the comfort of Klang Valley, we are all also at risk.

11. I have relatives in Mentakab and they are a pretty far 140kms away but for them to just be in the same negeri/state concerns me.

12. Our food sources, seafood sources, water sources….they are all at risk.

13. Let me put it this way, if the Japanese can fail to defend their own nuclear power plant, how much faith should I put into our government and in the Ozzies for ensuring a radioactive disaster-free life?

14. 5 years? 15? 25? 30 years is about the maximum and bloody hell, I should still be alive then, possibly with grandchildren.

15. Or not, cause exposure to radiation affects fertility.

I believe we should tell everyone we know what Lynas is. Read up about it. Speak out. Don’t ignore your gut feelings.

# – By the way, the Himpunan Hijau 2.0, a peaceful protest against Lynas plant is happening today at these locations:

And that’s what an average dumbass such as I, thinks about it.

So what are you? An average dumbass or just average?

49 thoughts on “What is LYNAS – perspective of an average dumbass.”

  1. Not forgetting the fact that Lynas does not have to pay tax, created only 300 jobs in Malaysia, leaves a detrimental effect in Malaysia and most profits goes back to Australia!!! Malaysia government is dumbass!

  2. Thanks for the insight. Likewise, I also didn’t bother about it as I never ever bothered about our local politics. Well, this is definitely something else which we do have to bother for our future especially since it involves Mother Earth.

  3. brilliant sharing. the progress of technology is acceptable but having it is Malaysia? I seriously doubt its safety.

    BTW, this plant is on your left when we drive to Aunty Ruby’s place:-(

  4. To be fair to Lynas, the project is safe from technical perspective.

    We are not talking about radioactive materials like plutonium here.

    Some people just need to protest something because that is how they get their money~

    1. @The Professor.

      With all due respect, the people getting the money that you speak of are not the protesters but the very people who are actually involved in bringing the Lynas project on M’sian shores. The rakyat are not getting any benefits from the project – financially or otherwise – and even if theoretically Lynas sounds like a good idea, it’s too dangerous to be done in M’sia, especially when we consider how close the plant is to where people live.

    2. The Professor, from whose technical perspective? IAEA’s?

      The IAEA is biased towards nukes. They are nuclear advocates, of course they give a favorable assessment to Lynas.

      But how about increasing scientific literature that points out that the IAEA risk model has in fact underestimated the risk from internal emitters, precisely what the residents are afraid of? MAA (Malaysian Medical Association) has already come out strongly against the plant, are they not “technical” enough for you?

    3. Your PAID as well to DAMAGE CONTROL the SITUATION Mr.Professor.What make you think so it’s safe?I bet with my LIFE and dare you to MOVED next to the LYNAS plant,Mr.Professor.

    4. ‘they’ would be stupid if ‘they’ say..”yeah it would bring harm to us..its not safe..its plutonium”

  5. Thank you so much for this. It’s really an eye opener for me. Heard about this in fb too but was so engrossed at my own little world, and didn’t bother abt it.

    Thank you again.

    1. It’s for YOUR FUTURE SAKE! Stop being IGNORANT and WAKE up from your SLUMBER little WORLD! Make YOUR VOTE COUNTS! We need a CLEAN GOVT!

      1. WE can VOTE yes..But what changes can it make?the project is running and deep inside u..u knew that there are few chances of stopping it..move out of malaysia is the best way..

  6. Your new hubby called you dumbass and you’re okay with it? I will have “peng tok” (hokkien for slamming the table upside down) lol

  7. Australia has a lot of barren desert land and yet do not want the plant in their backyard simply tells us that it is bad for the environment. It is either too expensive or impossible to comply with the laws in Australia so the only way is to ship it overseas to process the material.

    So far, nobody in the world can process nuclear waste. All they do is to store in deep underground & let it decay slowly which can take hundreds or thousands of years depending on the type of radioactive material.

  8. I am shocked to see the number of commentors here who expressed their initial indifference to the Lynas issue due to ignorance, who are living in the click-of-a-button information age. I guess many people choose to turn a blind eye to most non-entertaining matters. Tell them the latest movie, gadget, restaurant, food, event or any kind of instant gratification, they would probably be punching it into their smart phones/Google right away. Btw, the screen of smart phones uses material filtered out of rare earth. Perhaps, a small indirect way individuals can do to contribute to the reduction of the radioactive materials from being dug up in the first place is to stop updating or buying gadgets simply to keep up with the trend, apart from the many other things we should do to save the environment. If Lynas didn’t set up shop in Malaysia, likely some other undeveloped/corrupt gov run country would have to suffer the consequences of mankind need for technological advancement. I hate to think that Lynas may move their plant to another undeveloped country for example somewhere in Africa if there comes a day when they are forced to cease operation in Malaysia. Our need for “progress” unfortunately comes with an immeasurable cost to our planet which is not only inhibited by us but other beings as well. Frankly, I am fine if mankind in their pursuit of progress foolishly destroys themselves in the process, but not at the expense of other beings who are blissfully ignorant & helpless in saving themselves from the consequences created by our mental prowess.

    1. Your just press all the right buttons for explaining majority MALAYSIANS these days…They choose to be IGNORANT and don’t crying over spill milk when the situation turns sour! WAKE UP!

    2. WE change Phones because we can afford it..now i think that if u can afford to change phones every 1 week to 1 month u would be glad to do that too..now that i think stroke deep into..dont need to reply me..just think of it yourself its ok..i wont be looking into this page again..

  9. I guess if Lynas was fully approved and ongoing, well… Hello, Zombie apocalypse!

    But on a serious note, we as Malaysians have our right of say in this. Make a difference! Step up! It’s true, if the Japanese couldn’t handle their radiation, how would our government be able to?

  10. Agree with your point 13. If Japan can make mistakes, so do we. I don’t have much idea about the issue too but I know that it’s harmful and needs to be stopped!

  11. I think influential bloggers like you should write more about this to create more awareness. It’s amazing a lot of youngsters out there don’t know much about it. Some even said the government approved it means it’s safe. OMFG.

  12. On the issue of Lynas Advanced Materials Plant (LAMP) : Fact or Fiction ?
    Wen Kai Jien: I have no clue what is LYNAS nor do I know where is Gebeng; but one thing I know, I hate the BN Government, so whatever Pakatan DAP says is the truth!

    Fatimah Zuhri: hmmm… :-|

    Wen Kai Jien: OMG!!!! LYNAS is a nuclear power plant!!! :-(

    Fatimah Zuhri: Calm down dear! First of all, Lynas is an Australian company involved in processing rare earth. Second, the Lynas Advanced Materials Plant in Gebeng, Pahang is a chemical processing plant; not a nuclear plant.

    Wen Kai Jien: You are a liar!!! Lynas is a nuclear power plant! Lim Guan Eng told me, my mother, my aunt, my grandmother, my great grandmother etc it is a nuclear power plant! Lim Guan Eng can never lie…ever! *grrrrr*

    Fatimah Zuhri: Can you please provide a proof that says LAMP is a nuclear power plant project? Other than Pakatan media of course I have not found any… :-)

    Wen Kai Jien: …………..

    Wen Kai Jien: I am not naive ok!!! Lynas is bad news!!! Lynas should go back to Australia, dammit!

    Fatimah Zuhri: Look, Lynas came to Malaysia for economic reason. Lynas met all the regulations and approvals to build a processing plant in Australia but still chose Malaysia. We manage to attract them by providing good infrastructure, skilled workforce and attractive tax incentive.

    Wen Kai Jien: You have no idea what rare earth is, so shutup! I told you I am not naive!!!! Lim Guan Eng do not lie!!!

    Fatimah Zuhri: Then stop being such a spoil brat and start listen to reason. Rare earths are a unique group of fifteen chemical elements and it can be found in many parts of the world. Many modern equipments/devices use rare earth components.

    Wen Kai Jien: Really meh? Like what if you soooo smart one????

    Fatimah Zuhri: Let me list just a few of them down. You can google the rest if you want. :-)

    Yttrium – used in producing LED television as well as treatment for ovarian and bone cancer.
    Lanthanum – used in making battery for hybrid cars. Also used in vacuum tubes, camera and telescope lenses.
    Neodymium – used in making headphone, microphone and speakers.
    Europium- used in screening for down syndrome and genetic diseases

    Wen Kai Jien: But it is radioactive!!! It has that Thorium thing that can make your children have legs in their bodies!!! I told you I am smart, just like my mentor Lim Guan Eng! :-)

    Fatimah Zuhri: I’m sorry, but you are wrong again. Rare earth elements are not radioactive on their own. However, if you start extracting nor concentrating the Thorium, then it will be radioactive. In Lynas’s case, they are neither extracting nor concentrating the Thorium. Therefore, the low level of radiation remains the same.

    Wen Kai Jien: It has Thorium!!!!

    Fatimah Zuhri: It has very low level of Thorium. Remember, there are 15 elements. Thorium is just one of them and the concentration is low. It is more dangerous mining bijih timah than mining rare earth. :-)

    Wen Kai Jien: Why Lynas is given tax free status for 12 years????!!!

    Fatimah Zuhri: Simple. They were given tax incentive under the Pioneer Status. Every Government in this world provides tax incentive to companies that want to come to their country. What so strange about that? When INTEL open their factories in Penang, we also gave them tax incentives. What is the big problem?

    Wen Kai Jien: Why not do it in Australia ???!!!

    Fatimah Zuhri: I told you already. Both Malaysia and Australia can provide skilled workforce and good infrastructure. Both country have no problem with Lynas in term of meeting safety standard. But Lynas being a business entity chose Malaysia because Malaysia gave a better tax incentive.

    Wen Kai Jien: Then Malaysia will rugi la???!!!

    Fatimah Zuhri: No, it won’t. We are hoping that the Lynas project will create direct and indirect jobs for Malaysian. Just imagine, Lynas will require thousands of local engineers to oversee this project. Also, these engineers need to eat, buy groceries, send their children to tuition centre, etc… It will be beneficial to Pahang in the long term.

    We also hope that this project will attract other high tech companies to come and setup their plants/factories/research centre here.

    Wen Kai Jien: Why Lynas is using Chinese standard ?

    Fatimah Zuhri: That is an outright lie. Lynas did not use the Chinese standard.Only one of the Lynas residues contains a very low level of radiation at 6 Bq/g. This is well within acceptable international standards. In contrast, the residue from some Chinese facilities is 74 Bq/g. There is no comparison between the two.

    Wen Kai Jien: Lynas is going to make a lot of profit dammit !!!

    Fatimah Zuhri: Since when it is wrong for a company to make money? Tell me, in the Chinese society, since when did it became Haram for a business to make money? :-)

    Wen Kai Jien: But but but….the Australian Govt themselves said that they would not allow this rare earth plant to be setup in their country!

    Fatimah Zuhri: That is a lie. The Lynas plant was approved in Australia many years ago but the simple fact is it’s far cheaper to process in Malaysia than in Australia. There are also other rare earth plants planned for Australia (lookup Arafura and Alkane) and a rare-earth plant in California (Molycorp).

    Wen Kai Jien: But but but….Western Australian Minister for Mines and Petroleum, Norman Moore said “Australia does not support the importation and storage of other countries’ radioactive waste”.

    Fatimah Zuhri: Mr Moore is not the Australian government; importation of waste is not controlled by State Governments. The Australian Federal Government is the only level of government that has exclusive power to legislate in relation to foreign affairs. It has passed a law known as the Hazardous Waste (Regulation of Exports and Imports) Act 1989 which regulates the importation of waste into Australia. All that is needed is a permit from the Federal Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water , Population and Communities. The Act implements Australia’s treaty obligations under the Basel Convention for transnational transportation of waste.

    It is my understanding however that no permit will be required as the material Lynas will be producing will be so low in radioactivity that it does not constitute waste for the purpose of teh Basel convention.

    Wen Kai Jien: You maybe right but I hate BN; that is why I am all out against Lynas.

    Fatimah Zuhri: Yep I knew that from the start. Just like the rest of the people who have joined the anti-Lynas bandwagon, their motivation is purely political. You do not understand the issue. You’re so filled with hate that you cant think objectively. Your objective is to get people angry at the Government so that they will chose Pakatan DAP as the new Govt come GE13.

    Malaysian are smarter than that, Mr Wen Kai Jien!

    Good links to find out about the truth on Lynas:
    https://www.lynasandmalaysia.com/
    https://info4thetruth.blogspot.com/2012/02/demi-kebenaran-kami-terpaksa-dedahkan.html

    1. Hello? Are you a DUMBASS Ms.Fatimah Zuhri? Let me give a simple analogy..Imagine I PAY you to put my SHIT inside your HOUSE and you can do watever you like with the SHIT! But remember the SHIT that I PAID you to place in your HOME and can are HARMFUL to YOU and YOUR FAMILY! Are U that STUPID or PLAIN IGNORANT to LET OUTSIDERS to PAY you to PLACE that SHIT which going to COST your LIFE aswell as your FAMILY,Fatimah? Even IDIOTS don’t think TWICE…Wat make you think that is SAFE? Your just BLINDED by your CORRUPTED masters that PAYS you to DAMAGED CONTROL the SITUATION..Even the OZZIES wouldn’t want these RADIOACTIVE SHIT to place in THEIR OWN F%RKIN COUNTRY…Btw, The Bukit Merah inccident which happens to DECADE AGO left A HUGE MARKING OF RADIOACTIVE DAMAGE…Mitsubishi Chemical has SPENT more than US100million in clearing the damage have done…go check this:https://www.themalaysianinsider.com/malaysia/article/in-bukit-merah-mitsubishi-seeks-to-undo-old-harms

    2. It’s such a heartache reading ur comment. Could u please put politics aside, open ur mind n think about the consequence of this project?

      Radioactive level is low doesnt mean it is safe,it accumulates in body n may cause harm over the years,wads more with the long half life of 14.05 billion years, it wont vanish into the air just like that.

      Please get some information from international websites instead of focus just on the local news,which tend to be bias
      https://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/30/business/global/30rare.html?_r=1&pagewanted=all%3Fsrc%3Dtp&smid=fb-share
      https://www.eco-business.com/news/west-australia-will-not-allow-entry-of-lynas-waste-from-malaysia/

      In case u dont even mind clicking into it,i quote small paragraphs from the website
      ”The International Atomic Energy Agency issued a report Thursday that said the Lynas project’s overall design and planned operations procedures met international standards. The report did not examine construction details or engineering decisions involved in turning the design into a building; a program for the report’s authors showed that they were shown around the big site in an hour….

      Nicholas Curtis, the executive chairman of Lynas, strongly denied at a press conference in Kuala Lumpur on Thursday that the refinery had any construction problems. He said that there were no more than routine discussions among engineers about technical questions.

      But the construction and design may have serious flaws, according to the engineers, who also provided memos, e-mail messages and photos from Lynas and its contractors. The engineers said they felt a professional duty to voice their safety concerns, but insisted on anonymity to avoid the risk of becoming industry outcasts.

      The problems they detail include structural cracks, air pockets and leaks in many of the concrete shells for 70 containment tanks, some of which are larger than double-decker buses. Ore mined deep in the Australian desert and shipped to Malaysia would be mixed with powerful acids to make a slightly radioactive slurry that would be pumped through the tanks, with operating temperatures of about 200 degrees Fahrenheit..”

      I hope u’ll be wise enough to accept the fact that, not all of people who oppose this project is anti-BN, we r merely concern about our country.
      Think objectively,advice from u,to urself

      1. If the GOVERNMENT dont even want to protect their country..why should we?my advise is make more money and move out of malaysia..

  13. One word..Malaysian are plain ignorant! Please wake up from your slumber all the strawberries kids generation! It’s for your OWN FUTURE! Please do your responsibility as a civilized citizen and make YOUR VOTE counts!Have YOU now in READING registered as a VALID VOTER? The GENERAL ELECTION is AROUND the CORNER! Please SAVE MALAYSIA and OUR FUTURE GENERATIONS! Our present GOVT is CORRUPTED to the CORE! WAKE UP! POWER TO THE RAKYAT! SAVE MALAYSIA! PEACE!

  14. Hey there,

    Nice information ,Great job … but one thing i think you should correct,

    13. Let me put it this way, if the Japanese can fail to defend their own nuclear power plant, how much faith should I put into our government and in the Ozzies for ensuring a radioactive disaster-free life?

    Japan nuclear plan explored it is because of Tsunami,natural disaster that no human or billionaire or genius could stop.And i believe that the Japs did what ever they could do for quakes.

    Correct me if im wrong

  15. If the Japanese can fail to defend their own nuclear power plant, how much faith should I put into our government and in the Ozzies for ensuring a radioactive disaster-free life?

    Absolutely! This is why I am against this lynas too.
    from reputation, Malaysia’s gov cannot be trusted at all, that’s why most ppl chose not to believe in those “reports/analysia” that Gov claims is from someone “pro”.
    Somemore, EVERYTIME when something bad happens, what did the gov do? Nothing, they at most will say sorry, they didn’t consider about bla bla bla in the early stage or just ignore completely, and then things will just fade in time, the victims will stay “victim” forever (or maybe until the next election =.=)

    The opposition might using this to “goreng” to get more ppl to against the gov, but whatever, the gov or the opposition. I don’t really trust both actually, BUT at least if opposition is getting more supports, collect enough power to go against the gov and is getting on the gov’s nerve, this surely will bring benefit to Rakyat! At least our sounds can be heard.

    So, I call it as Symbiosis. lol.. opposition needs the Rakyat’s complain to grow stronger, and the Rakyat needs opposition to transfer our message to the gov. So this Lynas issue will always be tied to politic.
    Just my tot. =)

    All I wan is just radioactive-free and I am free from zombies.

  16. What is up with this Malaichan poster? Can you discuss issues properly without having to resort to profanities? Great way to get your message across!

    Anyway, to quote ANON, feb 27, 1.01 pm:
    “I am shocked to see the number of commentors here who expressed their initial indifference to the Lynas issue due to ignorance, who are living in the click-of-a-button information age. I guess many people choose to turn a blind eye to most non-entertaining matters. Tell them the latest movie, gadget, restaurant, food, event or any kind of instant gratification, they would probably be punching it into their smart phones/Google right away. Btw, the screen of smart phones uses material filtered out of rare earth. Perhaps, a small indirect way individuals can do to contribute to the reduction of the radioactive materials from being dug up in the first place is to stop updating or buying gadgets simply to keep up with the trend, apart from the many other things we should do to save the environment. If Lynas didn’t set up shop in Malaysia, likely some other undeveloped/corrupt gov run country would have to suffer the consequences of mankind need for technological advancement. I hate to think that Lynas may move their plant to another undeveloped country for example somewhere in Africa if there comes a day when they are forced to cease operation in Malaysia. Our need for “progress” unfortunately comes with an immeasurable cost to our planet which is not only inhibited by us but other beings as well. Frankly, I am fine if mankind in their pursuit of progress foolishly destroys themselves in the process, but not at the expense of other beings who are blissfully ignorant & helpless in saving themselves from the consequences created by our mental prowess.”

    THIS is what most anti or pro lynas supporters fail to see. RE is being used in almost ALL our gadgets. If Lynas gets shut down in Malaysia, they will just move to another (possibly 3rd world)country. “Fine, as long as its NOt in my backyard. 3rd world country people can die maaah!” . I think most are fighting the wrong fight. We should be asking ourselves: how do we reduce dependency on RE? Is there an alternative?

    I am neither a BN supporter nor a Lynas supporter. But I am agts supporting blindly of a cause without going to the root.

  17. To put things into perspective, let us recap what rare earths are, and what they are not. Rare earths by themselves are not radioactive. The by-product from their extraction, however, can contain thorium, and is radioactive. Thorium emits alpha-particles, instead of beta-particles — used usually for cancer treatments — or gamma-particles — the most dangerous of all, or in fiction, turns one into a green angry giant.

    Alpha-particles cannot even go through human skin, but materials emitting it are harmful once eaten or breathed in. So, when people talk about the Lynas Advanced Materials Plant (LAMP) being radioactive, they should actually mean its waste is radioactive, not rare earths or the plant itself.

  18. Malaysia have one of the highest standards compared to other countries that needed to be met my Lynas.This is a lot about scaremongering and little about facts. I have no personal interest in Lynas or who is doing what other than I too stumbled on a website and read about the protests. I then examined the requirements set up for Lynas to adhere to and I am not just talking about reading just one or two items here. I read heaps and at the end of it believe that Lynas are following all of the correct procedures. I really do think that this has become purely a political football with protesters protesting for the sake of protesting. Some oil and mining companies have disgusted me with their disposal of waste (eg along major waterways that natives have relied upon) in other countries. This is not what is happening here. Read both sides – read the requrements – read it all and dont just decide everything is as some interpret things. As far as rare earth goes, the mining is both good for Malaysia and Australia. If Malaysia pull the plug on this after all the stringent requirements have and will be met by Lynas they will not get investment in their country. I would not say this unless I was convinced that there is no danger to anyone in what is proposed. Lynas has invested hugely in this project too and are not about to lose their investment by not adhering to the stringent requirements. People have to stop being sheep and do their own research before they believe what others say.

  19. the waste its isnt waste we can use it to built nuclear reactor base on thorium. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lOLo73k3OG0&feature=fvst The Liquid Fluoride Thorium Reactor is the future energy for cheap energy. and other like uranium we can use to built deterent weapon just incase if filliphine,singapore and thailand dare to attack us they will think twice before they invade malaysia.
    the poor people in malaysia can switch air conditioner more often with cheap bill electricity….at current electricity rate not many people can afford to switch on their aircond regulerly except of wen kai jein

      1. A Norwegian company is currently conducting an experiment to mix plutonium and thorium to produce fuel rods for current light water reactors. Boom! Kill many birds with one stone! It reduces the stockpile of civilian and military plutonium, the fuel produces less wastes, the fuel transmutes (consumes) a few other actinides (nuclear wastes from medical, research and power plants) and it also solves the issue of what to do with our thorium! I can’t wait for this thing to be up and running..

  20. You people are so dumb not to know what’s going on. Did you people know that there is a factory that is also:

    1. Importing radioactive metal ore from Australia just like Lynas.
    2. Extract the metal from the metal ore, just like Lynas.
    3. Leave the radioactive waste in Malaysia, just like Lynas

    The name of the factory is Malaysia Smelting Corporation. The location is in Penang. Now I wondered how come Penang state government never say anything?

    Here are the links showing the metal ore imported by this factory is radioactive.
    These stuff they imported from Australia are radioactive
    https://www.arpansa.gov.au/pubs/norm/cooper_norm.pdf

    The stuff they left behind in Penang are radioactive.
    https://www.ukm.my/jsm/pdf_files/SM-PDF-41-3-2012/05%20R.%20Zulfahmi.pdf

    Now go read and an education before being fooled by others.

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